What are Bone and Joint Infections?
Bone and joint infections occur when bacteria, fungi, or viruses invade bones (osteomyelitis) or joints (septic arthritis). These infections can lead to pain, swelling, and permanent damage if not treated promptly. Individuals with diabetes, weakened immune systems, recent surgeries, or injuries are at higher risk.
Causes of Bone and Joint Infections
- Bacterial Infections (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, etc.) – The most common cause, spreading through the bloodstream or from nearby infections.
- Surgical Infections & Implants – Joint replacements, fractures, or orthopedic surgeries can introduce infections.
- Infected Wounds or Open Fractures – Cuts, deep wounds, or trauma can lead to direct infection.
- Bloodstream Infections (Bacteremia) – Germs from infections elsewhere (e.g., urinary tract infections, pneumonia) can spread to bones and joints.
- Chronic Conditions (Diabetes, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cancer, etc.) – Weakened immune systems make individuals more susceptible.
Common Symptoms of Bone and Joint Infections
- Severe Bone Pain – Constant, deep pain in the affected area.
- Swelling, Redness, and Warmth – Signs of inflammation.
- Fever & Chills – Indicate an active infection.
- Limited Movement – Pain and stiffness in nearby joints.
- Pus or Drainage from the Skin – May occur in chronic infections.
- Severe Joint Pain – Especially in weight-bearing joints like the knee or hip.
- Swelling & Stiffness – Joint may become inflamed and difficult to move.
