What are Transplant-Related Infections?
Transplant-related infections occur in patients who have undergone organ or stem cell transplantation. Since transplant recipients take immunosuppressive medications to prevent organ rejection, their immune systems are weakened, making them more vulnerable to infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
Causes of Transplant-Related Infections
- Immunosuppressive Medications – These drugs weaken the immune system, reducing the body's ability to fight infections.
- Pre-existing Infections – Some infections may already be present in the recipient before transplantation.
- Infections from the Donor – The transplanted organ or stem cells may carry infections.
- Hospital-Acquired Infections – Patients are exposed to bacteria and viruses in the hospital during and after the transplant.
- Opportunistic Infections – Pathogens that usually do not cause disease in healthy individuals can infect transplant recipients (e.g., fungal infections, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Pneumocystis pneumonia).
Common Symptoms of Transplant-Related Infections
- Fever & Chills – One of the most common signs of infection.
- Cough & Shortness of Breath – May indicate respiratory infections like pneumonia.
- Fatigue & Weakness – A sign of systemic infection.
- Pain or Redness at the Transplant Site – May indicate a localized infection.
- Frequent Urination & Burning Sensation – Could be a sign of a urinary tract infection (UTI).
- Diarrhea & Abdominal Pain – Common in gastrointestinal infections.
- Skin Rash or Sores – May occur in viral infections like herpes or CMV.
