What is HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)?
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically CD4 cells (T cells), which help fight infections. If left untreated, HIV can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), making the body vulnerable to severe infections and diseases. While there is no cure, proper treatment can help manage the virus and enable individuals to lead healthy lives.
Causes of HIV
- Unprotected Sexual Contact – Vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected person.
- Sharing Needles or Syringes – Common among drug users.
- Mother-to-Child Transmission – During pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
- Blood Transfusions – Receiving infected blood (rare due to screening).
- Occupational Exposure – Healthcare workers may get exposed through accidental needle sticks.
- Open Wounds & Mucous Membrane Exposure – Contact with infected blood through cuts or sores.
Common Symptoms of HIV
- Fever & Night Sweats – Persistent high temperature and excessive sweating.
- Fatigue & Weakness – Constant tiredness and lack of energy.
- Swollen Lymph Nodes – Particularly in the neck, armpits, or groin.
- Sore Throat – Persistent throat pain and discomfort.
- Unexplained Weight Loss – Sudden weight reduction without any lifestyle changes.
- Frequent Infections – Increased susceptibility to illnesses due to a weakened immune system.
