What are STDs(Sexually Transmitted Diseases)?
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), also known as Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), are infections primarily spread through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Some STDs can also be transmitted through blood, shared needles, or from mother to child during childbirth. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent serious health complications. Many STDs may not show symptoms in the early stages, leading to delayed diagnosis and unintentional transmission.
Causes of STDs
- Unprotected Sexual Contact – Vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected person.
- Multiple Sexual Partners – Increases the risk of exposure to STDs.
- Sharing Needles or Syringes – Common among drug users and unsafe medical practices.
- Mother-to-Child Transmission – Passed from an infected mother to the baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
- Blood Transfusions or Organ Transplants – Receiving contaminated blood or organs (rare due to screening).
- Use of Unsterilized Medical Equipment – Non-sterile injections, tattoo needles, or surgical tools.
Common Symptoms of STDs
- Genital Herpes – Painful blisters or sores around the genitals or mouth.
- HPV (Human Papillomavirus) – Genital warts, increased risk of cervical cancer.
- Trichomoniasis – Foul-smelling vaginal discharge, itching, pain during urination.
- Syphilis – Painless sores in early stages, rash on palms/soles, organ damage in later stages.
- Frequent Infections – Increased susceptibility to illnesses due to a weakened immune system.
- Unexplained Weight Loss – Sudden weight reduction without any lifestyle changes.
